What do you need to know about Lymphoma in Pets?
A Guide to Lymphoma in Dogs and Cats: Hope and Treatment
A diagnosis of lymphoma is one of the most common cancer diagnoses we make in both dogs and cats. Hearing that your pet has this “systemic” cancer can be terrifying, but it’s important to know that this is also one of the most well-understood and treatable cancers in veterinary medicine. At Harmony Pet Clinic, our goal is to give you clear information and hope for the journey ahead.
What is Lymphoma?
Lymphoma is a cancer of a type of white blood cell called a lymphocyte. Lymphocytes are a crucial part of the immune system, and they travel throughout the body in a network called the lymphatic system. Because this system is everywhere, lymphoma can arise in many different places, but it most commonly affects lymph nodes, the spleen, and the gastrointestinal tract.
Lymphoma in Dogs
In dogs, the most common sign of lymphoma is something an owner can often feel themselves: a rapid, non-painful swelling of the lymph nodes. You might notice new lumps under the jaw, in front of the shoulders, or behind the knees.
Common Signs in Dogs:
- Swollen Lymph Nodes: This is the classic sign of the most common form, multicentric lymphoma.
- Increased Thirst & Urination: Can occur if the lymphoma causes high blood calcium.
- Lethargy and Loss of Appetite: General signs of not feeling well.
- Digestive Upset: Vomiting or diarrhea can be signs of gastrointestinal lymphoma.
Treatment and Hope for Dogs
The gold standard treatment for canine lymphoma is chemotherapy. Dogs handle chemotherapy remarkably well, and our protocols are designed to maximize quality of life. The majority of dogs (over 80%) achieve a complete remission, where the cancer is no longer detectable. While lymphoma is rarely considered “cured,” this remission can last for many months to even years, giving you more quality time with your happy, comfortable companion.
A Note on Chemotherapy
We understand the word “chemotherapy” is scary. But please know, our goal is not the same as in human medicine. We aim for remission without making your pet sick. Most dogs continue to eat, play, and enjoy life throughout their treatment, with minimal to no side effects.
Lymphoma in Cats
In cats, lymphoma behaves a little differently. The most common form we see is gastrointestinal (GI) lymphoma, affecting the stomach and intestines. This is especially true in older cats. In the past, Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) was a major cause of lymphoma in younger cats, but thanks to effective vaccines, this is much less common today.
Common Signs in Cats:
- Weight Loss: This is often the most significant and noticeable sign.
- Vomiting or Diarrhea: Chronic digestive issues are very common with GI lymphoma.
- Decreased Appetite and Lethargy: As with dogs, these are general signs of illness.
- Difficulty Breathing: A less common form, mediastinal lymphoma, affects the chest cavity.
Treatment and Hope for Cats
Like with dogs, chemotherapy is the primary treatment. For the common low-grade GI lymphoma, this often involves a simple oral chemotherapy pill given at home, which is very well-tolerated. Many cats can achieve remission and enjoy an excellent quality of life for a long time.
You Are Not Alone on This JourneyA lymphoma diagnosis is overwhelming, but it is not without hope. As your veterinarian in Tomball, serving Cypress, Magnolia, and Spring, we are here to provide a definitive diagnosis, explain all your options, and support you with a compassionate and effective treatment plan. If you’ve noticed any of these signs in your pet, please call us to schedule an evaluation. |
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